This is a letter I wrote to a friend a while back (names
omitted, of course). She had asked me why I often sign my name
with the phrase "Proud Anorexic, Bulimic, Binge-Eater" when writing
about issues related to eating disorders. The text below isn't
the whole letter, but I hope it's enough to provide a sufficient
answer to the question of what Eating Disorder Pride is all about
(at least my personal take on it).Thanks for your interest!
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I appreciate very much your insightful question about what I call
"Eating Disorder Pride." I'll do my best to give you an answer that
is direct and honest, although it may be a bit long-winded. To
begin, I can assure you (as you have asked) that my pride is not in
any way an endorsement or encouragement for unhealthy behavior. I
am in recovery, and have been eating in a healthy way since May,
1998. By "healthy" I mean that I haven't been bingeing or purging
or restricting, and my weight is within healthy parameters according
to my doctor who sees me regularly.
Although I am in recovery, I am still very much a bulimic, anorexic,
and binge eater in my psychological constitution - that's why I have
to keep at it and stay mindful that maintaining healthy behavior
requires work on my part. I do the work, although not always to
perfection - but perfection isn't all it's cracked up to be
anyway... As far as I can tell, I'm inwardly an eating disordered
person and always will be. At the same time, my outward behavior is
healthy and I'm in recovery - and that's a lot to be proud of.
In recent years, after teaching a lot of classes at IUPUI in which
the topic of oppression was a central focus (i.e. - classes on moral
and political philosophy, and classes dealing with different
concepts of social justice), I've become convinced that eating
disordered people constitute an oppressed group. Historically, the
the term "oppressed" has been used to describe the situation of a
group of people whenever members of that group found themselves at
some kind of disadvantage relative to other people - solely because
they were members of the group.
There have been many such oppressed groups in American and European
history.
Just as an example (and hopefully not too far off topic), it's easy
to see that gay people fit this understanding of an oppressed
group. Gay citizens in the US are denied specific legal privileges
to which the rest of us have fairly open access (marriage, etc.).
They are not denied this because they are criminals, nor because
they are incompetent, but merely because they are gay. Membership
in the group itself accrues a disadvantage.
Women also constitute an oppressed group on these same grounds.
Women don't receive less pay because they do less work, they receive
less pay because they are women. Women are not underrepresented on
the faculty at IUPUI because their scholarship is less than that of
men, women are underrepresented because they are women. That's
oppression; disadvantage because one is a member of a group.
My main point is this: We eating disordered people are most
certainly at a disadvantage relative to other people who are
suffering from other health conditions. Research on eating
disorders is funded less than any other condition we know of even
though eating disorders are known to be more lethal than many other
ailments. Insurance companies deny coverage for us far more than
for other people suffering from conditions that are recognized no
more or less than ours. State departments of health ignore us and
even promote an increase in the severity of our conditions by way of
programs like INShape while at the same time condemning so called
"pro-ana" web-sites. None of these disadvantages and unfair
treatments (nor any of the multitude of other disadvantages I
haven't mentioned here) that we experience is in any way a product
of our specific health condition, they are products of political
decisions.
Is there something weird about anorexia that prevents the
National Institute of Mental Health from funding research into a
variety of treatment options? Of course not, their refusal to do
this is based on some other criteria. There's nothing specific
about bulimia that prevents insurance companies from covering
adequate treatment, they deny coverage for reasons independent of
any of the essential features of this disorder. What all this
means to me is that these disadvantages are accrued by us solely
because we're eating disordered - and that's oppression just as much
as the examples above. Now I'm no expert on history, but it seems
to me that every oppressed group that has been the slightest bit
successful in liberating itself has begun this task by finding an
inner sense of pride.
The maintenance of oppression depends in large part on robbing those
who are oppressed of
their dignity and pride so that they lose the ability to question an
unjust social arrangement. Socially, this is what we call
"stigma." I've felt eating disorder stigma plenty, and I don't like
it. Stigma is a social construct, it indicates that society wants
something kept quiet - and it indicates this by placing the subject
off limits, making it a cause for shame so that no one will feel
comfortable revealing it to another person. Gays struggled against
this stigma for decades to be able to "come out," and they finally
put a big dent in the stigma barrier with a full-blown pride
movement.
In his "Letter from Birmingham Jail," Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
stated very eloquently that "Segregation distorts the soul and
damages the personality because it gives the segregator a false
sense of superiority and the segregated a false sense of
inferiority." At present, there are approximately 3 million
anorexic people in the US. The National Institute of Mental Health
states that the mortality rate for anorexia is 5.6 percent per
decade, or .56 percent per year (and that's a very conservative
estimate, I think). According to my calculator, .56 percent of 3
million is 16,800 people who die every year from anorexia - and
literally nothing is being done by the Centers for Disease Control
or the National Institute of Mental Health to so much as acknowledge
this horrendous fact, let alone try to help us. Medically, we're
segregated - opportunities for health that are widely available to
others are denied us. And we are stigmatized as well.
I don't claim to speak for anyone but myself, but it seems to me
that we need a pride movement. Not to celebrate illness, but to
shake off stigma. We need to be in people's faces with a blatant
lack of fear when we say who we are, we need to demonstrate and
protest and insist on equal medical treatment. That's why I signed
my letter the way I did. It still feels awkward to me to sign a
letter that way because I know that here and now my eating disorders
are supposed to prevent me from the basic human experiences of pride
and dignity. It's time to present some really serious challenges to
this social arrangement, time to change the rules of engagement.
The civil rights amendment got passed. Gay marriage is on its way.
And we will get there too.
16,800 people a year is a lot of people losing their lives to
anorexia. It doesn't look like the National Institute of Mental
Health is going to fight on behalf of the next 16,800 anorexics that
will not survive the present year, so it's up to us. And none of us
can do it alone.
So that's my answer to the question you asked me about my pride,
and I'm certainly willing to listen to what others have to say about
all this too.
Peace,
Chris
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