Medicine & Health in 1800

Porter conclusion "great expectations, disappointing results"

I. New understanding of anatomy and physiology

limits, why?

II. Who practiced medicine?

Elite physicians

Training of elite

Masses of people

Apothecaries
Midwives
surgeons
"Unorthodox" medicine
Quacks, empirics, etc

III. Diagnosis of disease

Cause of diseases:

"humoural" imbalance
miasma
contagion

Classifications of diseases: Cullen and Morgani

IV. Treatment

Blood-Letting
Calomel

Herbal, natural remedies

Exceptions: Lind and Jenner (empiric or scientific?)

Surgery

Practitioners

Patient's perspective: Frances Burney

V. Conclusion: Letters of Jefferson