Spring, 2006

                                      History A421, Topics in U.S. History (Class # 8523): 

                                                            The Great Depression

 

Time: M W 11:00 a.m.-12:15 p.m.                                                               Instructor: R. Barrows

Location: Cavanaugh Hall 221                                                            Office: Cavanaugh Hall 532

Office Hours: M W 12:30-1:00 p.m.,                                                           Phone: 274-2457/3811

  4:00-5:00 p.m., and by appointment                                              E-mail: rbarrows@iupui.edu

 

Course Description: This course will focus on the “Depression Decade” of United States history, the 1930s. The semester will begin with a brief overview of American society in the 1920s, culminating with the well known but often misunderstood stock market crash in 1929. The causes and effects of the depression will be explored, including the political responses of presidents Hoover and Roosevelt (especially the latter’s New Deal), and we will pay particular attention to the social ramifications of the economic crisis. Some attention will be given to the cultural expressions of the decade, both highbrow and popular. The course will conclude with American entry into World War II, which effectively ended the depression. We will take advantage of the fact that many excellent documentaries concerning aspects of the 1930s have been produced in recent years and are now available on videocassette. (Several videos will be shown in class, but students may be asked to watch a couple of others on their own.)

 

Course Objectives: The lectures, reading and writing assignments, video screenings, class presentations, and exams that comprise this course are designed, in part, to convey and test factual knowledge. But they also ask students to comprehend and analyze historical texts, synthesize information, and effectively communicate facts and ideas to others in a variety of formats. And, of course, the class should deepen your understanding of U.S. society and culture during a pivotal era in the making of modern America. These objectives are consistent with several of the goals enunciated in IUPUI’s “Principles of Undergraduate Learning.”  The text of the “Principles” may be found at: <www.jaguars.iupui.edu/gened/gnedprin.htm>

 

Course Requirements: Regular class attendance (see below) and participation in discussion; completion of assigned reading; a mid-term exam and a non-comprehensive final exam (consisting of essays and short answer IDs, covering reading assignments, lectures, and videos); and several short written assignments: a) a brief synopsis and analysis of a supplementary novel or oral history; b) a short description and analysis of a contemporary newspaper or news magazine account of a notable event; c) a synopsis and evaluation of two chapters of the book Middletown in Transition.  (Students taking the course for graduate credit will complete  additional reading/writing assignments to be determined in consultation with the instructor.)

 

Attendance: There is one class period dedicated to discussion of the Middletown in Transition paper; four class periods when group presentations will be made; and ten classes in which all or parts of a video will be shown. I will circulate an attendance roster during those fifteen class periods. If you are absent for more than five of those fifteen days, your semester grade will be reduced by one increment (e.g., from a B- to a C+).

 

Grading: Each exam will count for one-third of the final grade; the written work will comprise the other third. Exams will be given a letter grade. Written work will be graded on the usual 100-point scale (90 = A-, etc.) and the scores of the three written assignments will be averaged to determine an overall letter grade for the written work. (Note that in the case of the novel/oral history assignment your grade will be based principally on the paper you submit; that grade can be affected, however, either positively or negatively, by the quality of your contribution to the group presentation.)  In cases where the semester grade comes down to a borderline decision (between a C+ or a B-, for example), improvement, regular attendance, and participation in discussion will be taken into account.

 

University policy is that grades of “Incomplete” may be assigned only to students who have successfully completed most of the course work and who have been prevented by significant and unanticipated circumstances from finishing all requirements. Should such a situation arise, please be prepared to provide appropriate documentation. Removal of “Incomplete” grades is often troublesome for both student and instructor, and I shall be reluctant to assign them.

 

Plagiarism (including the use, without attribution, of materials found on the internet), cheating on exams, and other forms of intellectual dishonesty will not be tolerated, will result in a failing grade on the work in question, and may lead to disciplinary action by the university. If you are unsure if something constitutes plagiarism, ask before you submit the work in question. Also, consult the IUPUI Campus Bulletin, 2004-2006, pp. 36-37.

 

Texts:

 

KENNEDY          David M. Kennedy, The American People in the Great Depression

NASH                  Gerald D. Nash, The Crucial Era: The Great Depression and World War II

POLENBERG     Richard Polenberg, The Era of Franklin D. Roosevelt

TWETON             D. Jerome Tweton, The New Deal at the Grass Roots

ODETS                 Clifford Odets, Waiting for Lefty

 

Plus one of the following (assignments to be made during the first class period): Studs Terkel, Hard Times; Federal Writers Project, These Are Our Lives; John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath; Sinclair Lewis, It Can’t Happen Here

 

                                          Tentative Course Outline and Assignments

 

January

 

     9                 Introduction to the Course

 

    11                America in the Twenties: A Brief Overview

                           Read: Kennedy, 10-34; Tweton, ch. 1

 

    16                NO CLASS (Martin Luther King, Jr. Day)

 

 

January

    18                The Big Bull Market and the Stock Market Crash {Video: “Crash of 1929"}

                           Read: Nash, ch. 2; Kennedy, 34-42; Tweton, ch. 2

 

    23                The Great Depression: Summary of Causes

                           Read:   Kennedy, 43-69

 

    25                The Ordeal of Herbert Hoover

                           Read:   Kennedy, 70-94

 

    30                The Great Depression: Summary of Effects

                           Read:   Kennedy, ch. 6; Tweton, ch. 3

 

February

 

     1                 “The Road to Rock Bottom” {Video}

 

     6                 GROUP 1: Presentation on Hard Times

 

     8                 Men (and a Few Women) in Motion: Transience in the ‘30s

                        {Video: “Riding the Rails”}

 

    13                FDR and the Election of 1932

                           Read:   Kennedy, 94-103; Polenberg, 1-8

 

    15                Environmental Woes  {Video: “Surviving the Dust Bowl”}

                           Read:   Kennedy, 194-195

 

    20                The First New Deal

                           Read: Kennedy, ch. 4, 5, 7; Nash, ch. 3, 4; Tweton, ch. 4;

                                             Polenberg, 8-13, 39-47

 

    22                GROUP 2: Presentation on These Are Our Lives

 

    27                Voices of Protest

                           Read:   Nash, ch. 5; Kennedy, ch. 8; Polenberg, 114-132

 

March

 

     1                 “Hoover Dam” {Video}

 

     6                 Mid-Term Exam

 

 

 

March

 

     8                 The Second New Deal

                           Read: Nash, ch. 6; Kennedy, ch. 9; Tweton, ch. 5;

                                                Polenberg, 13-16, 47-52, 83-92

 

 13, 15             SPRING BREAK WEEK

 

    20                GROUP 3: Presentation on The Grapes of Wrath

 

    22                Women and Minorities in the 1930s

                           Read: Nash, ch. 7, 8; Polenberg, 93-107, 136-15

 

    27                “Scottsboro Boys” {Video}

 

    29                Industrial Unions and Labor Strife

                           Read: Kennedy, ch. 10

April

 

    3                  “Mean Things Happening” {Video}

 

    5                  Artistic Expression - I    {Video excerpt: “American Visions”}

                           Read: Nash, ch. 9; Tweton, ch. 6

 

   10                 Artistic Expression - II

                           Read:   Odets, Waiting for Lefty (entire)

 

   12                 GROUP 4: Presentation on It Can’t Happen Here

 

   17                 The New Deal Documents the Great Depression - I

                            {Video: “The Plow that Broke the Plains”}

 

   19                 NO CLASS

 

   24                 Discussion of Middletown in Transition {papers due}

 

   26                 The New Deal Documents the Great Depression - II

                           {Video: “The River” + FSA photographs}

                         Read: Polenberg, 108-113

May

 

   1                   The Road to War

                           Read:   Nash, ch. 10, 11; Kennedy, ch. 13

 

   3                   Final Exam     10:30 a.m. - 12:00 noon  (Note change from normal class time)

 

A421 (Barrows)

Spring, 2006

                                                      SUPPLEMENTARY NOVEL:

                                                   Instructions for Group Presentations

                                         and Individual Written Assignments {200 points}

                                                                  (Groups 3 & 4)

 

>> Group Presentations

 

Each group will have 50-60 minutes to make its presentation and will then respond to questions. Your objective is to inform the other members of the class about the novel you have read and to explain to them how it helps us understand the period of American history we are studying in this course. You may structure your presentation as you wish, but at some point and in some way you will probably want to touch upon the following:

 

–Biographical information regarding the author

 

–Publication information regarding the book (where/when originally published, how long in print, sales figures if available, etc.)

 

–The plot of the novel: who are the major characters? What do they do or what happens to them?

 

–The literary quality of the novel

 

The historical context within which the book was written and the ways in which the novel reflects that context. In other words, why was this book written when it was, and what does it tell us about the time in which it was written?

 

–The impact of the novel, both when it was originally published and in subsequent years.

 

–The book’s value in helping us to understand the U.S. in the 1930s.

 

 

 

>> Individual Written Assignment

 

Your written analysis of the novel is due on the date of your group presentation. (These dates are indicated on the syllabus.) This review should be approximately 750 words (3-4 typewritten pages, double-spaced).

 

The review should consist of two parts. The first one-third should be a summary that tells the person reading the review what the book is about. The remaining two-thirds of the review should give your opinion of the book, noting particularly its value as an historical source.

 

 

 

A421 (Barrows)

Spring, 2006

                                               SUPPLEMENTARY ORAL HISTORY:

                                                   Instructions for Group Presentations

                                         and Individual Written Assignments {200 points}

                                                                  (Groups 1 & 2)

 

>> Group Presentations

 

Each group will have 50-60 minutes to make its presentation and will then respond to questions. Your objective is to inform the other members of the class about the book you have read and to explain to them how it helps us understand the period of American history we are studying in this course. You may structure your presentation as you wish, but at some point and in some way you will probably want to touch upon the following:

 

–Biographical information regarding the author

 

–Publication information regarding the book: where/when originally published, how long in print, sales figures if available, etc.

 

–The structure of the book: how is it organized?

 

–The range of interviewees and, taken as a group, how representative they seem to be of the variety of Depression-era experiences

 

–The reaction to the book by readers/reviewers (especially, if possible, the reaction to the volume by those who lived through the Great Depression)

 

–The book’s value in helping us to understand the U.S. in the 1930s (and, more generally, the value of oral history as a research technique)

 

>> Individual Written Assignment

 

Your written analysis of the book is due on the date of your group presentation. (These dates are indicated on the syllabus.) This review should be approximately 750 words (3-4 typewritten pages, double-spaced).

 

The review should consist of two parts. The first one-third should be a summary that tells the person reading the review what the book is about. The remaining two-thirds of the review should give your opinion of the book, noting particularly its value as an historical source (and more generally, the value of oral interviews as a technique of historical research). Regardless of which book you are reading, you should respond explicitly to Terkel’s assertion in his introduction to Hard Times that “In their rememberings are their truths. The precise fact or the precise date is of small consequence.”

 

 

A421 (Barrows)

Spring, 2006

                                      Newspaper/Newsmagazine Assignment {100 points}

 

Select one of the following events and read contemporary newspaper or news magazine accounts of the incident. You must consult two different sources. (The New York Times is available on microfilm in the University Library, as are some Indianapolis and other papers. The Times is also available on-line via the University Library web site. Indianapolis and other Indiana papers, mainly on microfilm, may be found at the Indiana State Library–corner of Senate and Ohio, just east of campus.) Then prepare an essay of no more than four double-spaced, typewritten pages. The first one-third to one-half of your essay should simply provide a summary description of the historical event as recounted in the articles you consulted. The remainder of the essay consists of your analysis of the coverage. Does it seem accurate? Fair? Thorough? Do you find anything unusual, surprising, or noteworthy about the treatment of the story in the papers or magazines you read? Are there ways in which the coverage differs from the manner in which the print media today might deal with the same story?

 

Note that while I have provided the date(s) the event(s) took place, coverage of the story sometimes went on for several days afterward–and in some cases may even have preceded the actual event.

 

Indicate somewhere in your essay, either as a heading or as a part of the text, the names of the newspapers or newsmagazines you read, the dates of the issues you consulted, and the repositories where the sources were located. Due on dates indicated.

 

 

 

 

 

Due January 23

 

Stock Market Crash    [October 24-30, 1929]

 

Due January 25

 

Expulsion of the Bonus Army from Washington    [July 28-29, 1932]

 

Due January 30

 

Death of John Dillinger    [July 22, 1934]

 

Due February 13

 

FDR’s acceptance speech at the Democratic National Convention   [July 2, 1932]

 

 

 

 

Due February 20

FDR’s first inaugural address   [March 4, 1933]

 

FDR’s first “Fireside Chat”   [March 12, 1933]

 

21st Amendment declared ratified    [December 5, 1933]

 

Due February 27

 

Assassination of Huey Long   [September 8, 1935]

 

Due March 8

 

FDR’s reelection   [November 3-4, 1936]

 

Due March 22

 

Marian Anderson’s ban by the DAR [approx. February 22, 1939] and subsequent performance

 at the Lincoln Memorial [Easter, 1939]

 

Due April 10

 

“War of the Worlds” broadcast   [October 31, 1938]

 

Due May 1

 

FDR’s “Quarantine Speech”   [October 5, 1937]

 

Pearl Harbor and FDR’s “Day of Infamy” speech [December 7-8, 1941]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A421 (Barrows)

Spring, 2006

                                      Middletown in Transition Assignment {200 points}

 

Copies of Middletown in Transition: A Study in Cultural Conflicts (1937) are on reserve in the University Library. This volume and its predecessor (Middletown: A Study in American Culture [1929]) are considered classics in American social science. They were based on in-depth examinations and analyses of Muncie, Indiana, in the 1920s and 1930s by a research team headed by Robert and Helen Lynd.  They have been widely cited since their initial publication (often by historians), and used as a baseline for many subsequent “Middletown” studies.

 

Begin by scanning the Table of Contents and reading the Preface and Chapter I. Then select two of the following chapters to read and evaluate.

 

II - “Getting a Living”

 

IV - “Caring for the Unable During the Depression”

 

V - “Making a Home: The Arena for Private Adjustment”

 

VI - “Training the Young”

 

 

Prepare a 4-5 page paper (typewritten, double-spaced) in which you

 

>> provide a brief synopsis of the Lynds’ findings as reported in the chapters you read

 

>> relate those findings, when possible, to other reading you have done about the 1930s

 

>> discuss any results of the study that you find particularly noteworthy, insightful, or surprising

 

 

Due April 24