History A421   / AmSt 421                                                                  Jack McKivigan

Fall 2001                                                                                              Cavanaugh 531

CA 215                                                                                                Off. hrs.: 2:30-3:15 T&R

11-12:15 T&R                                                                                     Phone # 274-5860

Email: jmckivig@iupui.edu

 

AMERICAN REFORM MOVEMENTS

 

 

A. COURSE DESCRIPTION:

 

This course will examine popular movements for social, economic, and political change in U.S. history.  The course will present an overview of the phenomena of protest and reform, and then single out a number of cases for closer inspection.  Among topics for intensive study are: temperance, abolitionism, communitarianism, pacifism, nativism, labor rights, Populism, women=s rights, socialism, the Civil Rights movement, and environmentalism.  Emphasis will be placed on: evaluating different approaches to the study of collective action; understanding the social, political, and cultural contexts from which protest developed; and uncovering what protest movements reveal about the nature of American society and politics.

 

 

B. COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

 

The success of this course depends upon the completion of reading assignments and participation in class discussion by the students.  If a student falls behind in her/his readings he/she will soon find it difficult to follow the subject matter of class discussion or join in it.  Students should feel free to talk to the instructor about any course related problems especially in cases when a student believes that her/his assignment grades do not accurately reflect his/her performance in the course.  Students should plan to meet individually with the instructor at least once during the semester to discuss the progress of their journal-keeping and preparation of their autobiographical statement.

 

There will be three types of graded assignments for students in this course of the semester:

 

(1) Students are required to take two take-home mid‑term examinations tentatively scheduled to be returned on October 16th and November 13th and an in-class final examination during Examination Week.  On all of the examinations, students will prepare answers for two out of four essay questions presented by the instructor.  The general content of these questions will be drawn from the topics dealt with in course reading and class discussion.  Each question will be framed to encourage students to exercise their own judgment and interpreta­tive skills in dealing with an important subject of historical debate.  The subject matter covered on each of the three examinations will not be cumulative.  (Value: each exam = 20% of course grade; total = 60%)

 


(2)  In addition to the two examinations, there will be five in-class quizzes during the course of the semester.  The subject matter of these quizzes will be the current course reading assignment.  The format of these quizzes will be mini‑essay.  There will be no make‑up for these quizzes but the instructor will count only the student's four best scores to determine this portion of the grade.  (Value: 20% of the course grade.)

 

(3) Students also will prepare a research paper on a topic of the student=s choice related to one movement for social change. Expected minimum length of these papers are 10‑12 typed pages for undergraduate students and 15‑20 typed pages for graduate students.  The completed paper is due on December 4th. The student can elect to explore her/his topic either through the investigation of primary sources or through a critical analysis of the existing historical literature.  The topics of these papers should be determined in coordination with the instructor.  A one-page

prospectus briefly describing the topic of the paper and the major sources for research is due on

September 20th.  Students are required to meet at least once with the instructor before submitting this prospectus.  This assignment is intended to permit students to strengthen skills in

selecting a feasible topic, finding and exploiting available sources, and presenting the results of their research.  (Value: 20% of the course grade.)

 

The instructor regards deadlines as extremely important.  Failure to take an examination or turn in a quiz by the announced deadline, without prior permission from the instructor, will automatically result in a penalty in grading.  Although specific grade values have been apportioned to each assignment, elements such as effort, interest, improvement, attendance, and participation in class discussion all will be weighed by the instructor in determining final course grades.

 

 

C. REQUIRED READINGS:                                              

 

Steven Mintz, Moralists and Modernizers: America=s Pre-Civil War Reformers (1995)

 

Mintz chronicles America's first age of social reform with profiles of leading             reformers and movements and analyses of religion, politics, and society. He examines moral reform, social reform, and radical reform as distinct responses to the country's pre‑Civil War social problems, and concludes that reformers were both moral critics and cultural modernizers who smoothed the transition from a preindustrial to an industrial order.

 

Steven  J. Diner, A Very Different Age: Americans of the Progressive Era   

 

Diner compiles a cohesive look at one of the most change‑filled eras in American history. Diner's view of the Progressive Era, stressing the effects of the Industrial Revolution on American society, concentrates on the lives and experiences of workers, women, African‑Americans, immigrants, and politicians of that period. Diner asserts that the acts of  progressive politicians and social reformers were sometimes genuine but other times self-interested.  Diner is left to conclude that

            Aprogressives, like other Americans, joined a contest for control under rules set by industrial capitalism.''

 


Edward Bellamy, Looking Backwards, 2000-1887

 

Bellamy's classic look at the future was the most widely read novel of its time. A young Boston gentleman is mysteriously transported from the nineteenth to the twenty‑first century‑‑from a world of war and want to one of peace and plenty. This brilliant vision became the blueprint of utopia that stimulated some of the greatest thinkers of Bellamy=s and our age.

 

James J. Farrell, The Sixties

 

The Spirit of the Sixties explains how and why the personal became political when Sixties activists confronted the institutions of American postwar culture.  After establishing its origins in the Catholic Worker movement, the Beat generation, the civil rights movement, and Ban‑the‑Bomb protests, James Farrell demonstrates the impact of personalism on Sixties radicalism. Exploring the Sixties not just as history but as current affairs, Farrell revisits the perennial questions of human purpose and cultural practice contested in the decade.

 

Daniel Pope, American Radicalism

 

Beginning with the American Revolution, this volume looks at the radical tradition in American history and the social movements that have unfolded over the last two hundred years. It provides a key to understanding how such movements and the thinkers behind them emerge. The chapters each contain one substantial article by a modern scholar and four primary‑source documents that bring to life the ideas and people involved in particular radical movements.

 

 

 

D. TENTATIVE COURSE OUTLINE:

 

The following as a description of course lecture/reading/discussion topics on a weekly basis:

 

Part One: Antebellum Reform

 

Aug 23 Introduction

 

Aug 28&30      The Nature of Social Change and Reform

 

Pope, Introduction

Mintz, Introduction

 

Sep 4&6          Background of Movements for Social Change: Religious, Intellectual, and Socioeconomic.

 


Pope, Chap. One

Mintz, Chaps. One, Two & Three

Lois W. Banner, AReligious Benevolence as Social Control: A Critique of an Interpretation,@ Journal of American History, 60(1973): 23-41.

 

Sep 11&13      Temperance: The First War Against Drugs

 

Mintz, Chaps. Three & Four

Paul E. Johnson, A Shopkeeper=s Millennium: Society and Revivals in Rochester, New York, 1815-1837 (1978), 55-61, 79-83.

 

Sep 18&20      Communitarianism: Search for Heaven on Earth

 

Mintz, Chaps. Five & Epilogue

Research Project Prospectus Due

 

Sep 25&27      Abolitionism: Human Rights v. Property Rights

 

Pope, Chap. Three

David H. Donald, AToward a Reconsideration of Abolitionists,@ in David H. Donald,                

Lincoln Reconsidered (1961), 19-36.

 

 

Oct 2&4          Women=s Rights: Questioning the ANatural Order@

 

Pope, Chap. Two

Barbara Welter, AThe Cult of True Womanhood, 1820-1869,@ American Quarterly, 18 (Summer 1966): 151-74.

 

 

Part Two: Late Nineteenth/Early Twentieth-Century Reform

 

Oct 9&11        Labor Movements: The Nature of Work

 

Diner, Introduction, Prologue, Chaps. One and Two

Pope, Chaps. Four and Six

 

Oct 16&18      Utopianism:  Looking Backwards?

 

Edward Bellamy, Looking Backwards

First Take-home Examination due back on 16th

 

Oct 23&25      American Political Radicalism: Alternatives to Revolution

 

Diner, Chaps. Three, Four, and Five                

Pope, Chap. Five


Eric Foner, AWhy Is There No Socialism in the United States?,@ History   

Workshop: A Journal of Socialist and Feminist Historians, 17(Spring 1984): 57- 80.

 

Oct 30&          Progressivism: Middle Class Reformers

 Nov 1

Diner, Chap. Seven, Eight, and Nine

 

 

Part Three: Late Twentieth Century Reform

 

Nov 6&8         AInstitutionalizing Reform: The Maturing of the Modern Welfare State@

 

Farrell, Preface, Chaps., One, Two, and Three

 

Nov 13&15     Civil Rights Movement: The Meaning of Freedom

 

Pope, Chap. Seven

Farrell, Chap. Four

Manning Marable, AEpilogue: The Vision and the Power,@ in Manning Marable, 

Race, Reform, and Rebellion: The Second Reconstruction in Black America,

1945-1982 (1984), 200-212.

Second Take-home Examination due on 13th

 

Nov 20&22     Thanksgiving Break

 

Nov 27&29     The Sixties Counterculture: Peace and Love

 

Pope, Chap. Eight

Farrell, Chap, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, & Conclusion

ANOTHER ESSAY

 

Dec 4&6          Prospects for Reform Movements in the Twenty-first Century

 

Pope, Chap. Nine

Research Project Due on 4th

 

Dec 11 Final Examination (1-3 PM)