Addressing Social and Environmental Needs
through Community Tree Planting


Keep Indianapolis Beautiful, Inc. &
The Department of Geography
Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis


Project Home Page




Tree Canopy Cover Estimates

The Center Township Tree Canopy

The Center Township tree canopy map developed from QuickBird Satellite imagery and aerial photography is shown in Figure 1 below.  Clicking on this image links to a higher resolution PDF map.  Estimates derived from the map indicate about 7 square miles or 17% of the township is covered with tree canopy (Table 1).  Spatial patterns revealed in the map include lower canopy cover in the Indianapolis downtown area (Figure 2), and higher canopy cover in selected neighborhoods, along stream corridors, and in parks and cemeteries (e.g. Figure 3).   Woodruff Place provides an example of a neighborhood with higher tree canopy cover than surrounding areas (Figure 4).


Table 1.  Center Township Tree Canopy Cover Estimates (2005)
Total Area of Center
Township (sq mi)
Current Tree Canopy Cover Estimate (sq mi) Percent Tree
Canopy Cover
42.6
7.4 17.4%



  
Figure 1.  Tree canopy cover map of Center Township, Indianapolis. Click on the image above to link to higher resolution PDF map.

Figure 2.  Mapping percent tree canopy cover by census block group shows lack of canopy cover in the central business district.  Click on the image above to link to higher resolution PDF map.





Figure 3.  Some of the largest continuous areas of tree canopy cover in the Township occur in Crown Hill Cemetery.
Figure 4.  Woodruff Place (highlighted in yellow) is an example of a neighborhood with a mature and dense tree canopy cover.


Tree Canopy Distribution by Zoning Type

Percent tree canopy cover by general zoning categories is summarized in Table 2 below.  A map of the zoning categories is available on the site selection model page of this website.  The highest percent canopy cover occurs in parks, as might be expected.  Canopy cover in residential areas of Center Township was second highest at approximately 23%.  Center Township's residential areas, however, are slightly below the 25% canopy cover recommended by American Forests for urban residential areas east of the Mississippi River.   The Indianapolis central business district, university, and hospital zoning categories had the lowest percent canopy cover, all at around 4%.  American Forest recommends canopy cover of 15% in central business districts, significantly higher than current conditions in Indianapolis. 



Table 2.  Percent Tree Canopy Cover by General Zoning Categories in Center Township, Indianapolis
_____________________
__________________________


Zoning Type
% Canopy Cover
_____________________
__________________________
Central Business District 4.3%
Commercial 8.4%
Historic 18.7%
Hospital 4.2%
Industrial 9.9%
Park 25.3%
Residential 23.3%
Special Use 17.5%
University 4.3%
________________________
______________________________

Township
17.4%


Tree Canopy Cover in Hot Spots

Percent canopy cover in hot spots identified in the site selection model was significantly lower than the township average for residential areas.  Table 3 below provides percent canopy cover estimates for the eight hot spot neighborhoods.  Hot spot neighborhoods had on average 9% less tree canopy cover when compared to all residential areas in the township.



Table 3.  Percent Tree Canopy Cover in Residential Hot Spots of Center Township, Indianapolis
____________________
_________________________


Hot Spot
% Canopy Cover
____________________
_________________________
1 13.8%
2 9.6%
3 15.4%
4 15.5%
5 11.0%
6 16.6%
7 17.0%
8 15.2%
____________________
_________________________
Average
14.3%

Planting to Meet Canopy Cover Goals

Table 4 below presents calculations estimating the number of trees that would need to be planted to meet the 25% canopy cover goal for urban residential areas in the eight Center Township hot spot neighborhoods.  These calculations assume 133 square feet of coverage per tree, the average for urban trees reported by American Forests. Similar calculations were made to estimate the number of trees that would be needed to meet the recommended 15% canopy cover in the Indianapolis central business district (Table 5).  Collectively, these calculations indicate that planting approximately 84,000 trees in the hot spot neighborhoods and central business district could raise tree canopy cover to levels recommended by American Forests.


Table 4.  Trees Needed to Achieve 25% Canopy Cover in Residential Hot Spot Neighborhoods
__________________________________________________________________
Hot Spot Total Hot Spot Area
(sq ft)
Current % Canopy
Cover
Target % Canopy
Cover
Avg. Ground Cover Per Tree (sq ft) # of Trees Needed to Achieve 25%
__________________________________________________________________
1 2,038,080 13.8% 25.0% 133 1,723.79
2 3,266,688 9.6% 25.0% 133 3,771.91
3 5,164,160 15.4% 25.0% 133 3,731.49
4 13,423,616 15.5% 25.0% 133 9,603.37
5 9,486,720 11.0% 25.0% 133 9,951.04
6 13,212,160 16.6% 25.0% 133 8,352.72
7 2,006,976 17.0% 25.0% 133 1,209.14
8 8,292,800 15.2% 25.0% 133 6,130.89
___________________________________________________________




Total Trees 44,474.35


Table 5.  Trees Needed to Achieve 15% Canopy Cover in the Indianapolis Central Business District (CBD
________________________________________________________________________
Total CBD
Area
(sq ft)
Current %
Canopy
Cover
Target %
Canopy
Cover
Avg. Ground
Cover Per Tree
(sq ft)
# of Trees
Needed to
Achieve15%
________________________________________________________________________
48,889,499
4.3%
15.0%
133
39,365.18
________________________________________________________________________

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Last Update:  May 1, 2006